Can Gout be prevented?

Gout is a disorder caused by hyperuricemia (serum urate > 6.8 mg/dL [> 0.4 mmol/L]) leading to precipitation of monosodium urate crystals in and around the joints, most often causing acute or chronic recurrent arthritis. The initial attack (crisis) of gout is usually monoarticular and usually affects the first metatarsophalangeal joint .

Symptoms of gout include pain, acute pain on pressure, warmth, redness and swelling. Definitive diagnosis requires the identification of crystals in the synovial fluid. Treatment of acute exacerbations is with anti-inflammatory drugs. The frequency of attacks can be reduced by regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, or both plus persistent lowering of the serum urate level below its saturation level (< 6.8 mg/dL [< 0.4 mmol/L) with allopurinol, febuxostat, or uricosuric drugs, such as probenecid.

Gout is more common in men than in women. It usually appears at middle age in men and after menopause in women. It is rare in young people, but in those who develop the disease before the age of 30, it is more severe. Gout usually occurs in family groups. Patients with metabolic syndrome are at increased risk for gout.

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Can Gout be prevented?

Unfortunately, gout cannot be prevented, many people who suffer from this disease need medication to control it.

To prevent future attacks, you can consider the following:

• Drink water constantly
• Follow the medical treatment according to your specialist’s indications.
• Avoid consuming red meat
• Avoid sugary drinks
• Avoid alcohol consumption, especially beer.
• Healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains
• Do physical activity at least 30 minutes a day.

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What are the Causes?

The main cause of gout is hyperuricemia, that is, having high levels of uric acid in the blood. Other risk factors are obesity, high blood pressure, intake of certain foods (red meat) and alcohol abuse. Although it is not considered a direct cause, it may be associated with spring fingers.

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Symptoms and Signs of Gout

Acute gouty arthritis usually begins with acute (often nocturnal) pain. It most often affects the metatarsophalangeal joint of the big toe (called podagra), but also the instep, ankle, knee, wrist and elbow. Rarely affects the hip, shoulders, sacroiliac joint, sternoclavicular or cervical spine. The pain becomes increasingly intense in a few hours, and is often excruciating. There are signs of infection, such as swelling, warmth, redness and extreme sensitivity to pressure. The skin becomes tight, hot, shiny and reddish or purplish. There may be fever, tachycardia, chills and malaise.

The symptoms of the disease are sudden attacks of intense pain and swelling of a joint, leading to arthritis, with the base of the big toe being the most affected. Gout also presents other signs such as cold, chills and tachycardia.

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Evolution

The first acute exacerbations usually affect a single joint and last only a few days. Later, several joints are affected simultaneously or sequentially and acute exacerbations persist for up to 3 weeks without treatment. Then attacks occur at shorter and shorter intervals. Finally, the patient suffers several acute exacerbations per year. If urate-lowering therapy is not initiated, patients may develop chronic deforming arthritis secondary to tophaceous gout due to continued urate deposition.

Treatment for Gout

After the detection of this condition, which can be given thanks to the studies included in certain Check Up, we proceed with the treatment. There are two types of Gout medications that focus on two different problems. The first helps to reduce the inflammation and pain associated with gout attacks.

The second to prevent complications of Gout by reducing the amount of uric acid in the blood. The type of medication will depend on the frequency and severity of your symptoms, along with other health problems you may have.

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